North American Refractories Company (NARCO)
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For fifty years, North American Refractories Company (NARCO) made asbestos refractory materials for high-temperature industries. NARCO eventually faced lawsuits over asbestos-related illnesses. These drove NARCO into bankruptcy protection and the formation of an asbestos trust, funded by more than $6 billion to help pay claims.
NARCO History and Asbestos
NARCO began in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1929, making refractory cement designed to withstand very high temperatures, like those in furnaces and boilers.
- The company grew quickly, acquired other smaller companies, and expanded its refractory products to include ceramics, coatings, hearths, and stove fittings.
- In 1979 Honeywell bought the company, and over the next decade, NARCO products were in demand, especially in the steel industry in the Midwest and Northeast.
- As the company grew over the years, it opened up multiple factories for manufacturing refractory products. There were facilities in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Indiana, and Kentucky.
- NARCO made refractory materials during a time when asbestos use was prevalent in many industries. Because it used asbestos for so many years, the company faced lawsuits beginning in the 1980s.
- People sued over asbestos-related illnesses, including asbestos lung cancer, mesothelioma, and lung scarring called asbestosis. The number of cases eventually forced the company, a division of ANH Refractories, to file for bankruptcy.
- Today NARCO is a division of HarbisonWalker International, which until recently was named ANH Refractories.[1] Although it has not been an independent company since 1979, NARCO still exists as a subsidiary and still makes refractory products.
- Industrial customers of NARCO and HarbisonWalker products include steel, chemicals, incineration, aluminum, lime, paper and pulp, power, glass, and petroleum industries.[2]
How Did NARCO Use Asbestos?
Asbestos was used heavily in the refractory industry for many decades because this unique mineral adds strength to materials and resists high temperatures. It is an excellent insulator and helps to protect materials and workers from high heat. It also prevents heat loss from furnaces and similar equipment.
Much of the asbestos use occurred before anyone realized how harmful it could be to human health, but many companies continued to use it even after the dangers became clear.
Which NARCO Products Contained Asbestos?
Asbestos went into nearly every product NARCO made. Designed for use in high temperatures, all products included some amount of asbestos. Specific NARCO products and brands known to have contained asbestos include:
- Aerogun
- Unicote
- Narcocrete
- Narcogun
- Gun Mix
- Narcolite
- Narcmag
- Stazon
Workers and Occupations Affected by NARCO Asbestos
Asbestos was initially used to protect materials in high-temperature environments but also to protect people from heat, burns, and fire. It was later discovered that inhaling or ingesting the small fibers that make up asbestos could be deadly. Not everyone who inhales the fibers will get sick, but decades later, some of them do.
NARCO Employees
Workers who made NARCO refractory materials in company factories were particularly at risk of exposure to the fibers from the asbestos they handled or worked close to on the job. The fibers become harmful when small pieces break off of asbestos, a common occurrence when it is handled.
Workers Affected in Other Occupations
NARCO employees were not the only ones at risk of asbestos exposure. Many more workers were in danger when they used or worked with or near NARCO products in various industries. These include workers in:
- Power plants
- Oil refineries
- Railroads
- Steel refineries
- Aluminum plants
- Chemical plants
- Incinerators
- Paper factories
- Any industrial workplace that used furnaces, hearths, and boilers
Some of the jobs associated with asbestos exposure due to North American Refractory Company products include:
- Industrial and factory workers
- Pipefitters
- Boiler workers
- Railway workers
- U.S. military veterans
Secondhand Asbestos Exposure
Also at risk of exposure were the family members of people who worked with NARCO asbestos products. Workers often carried asbestos fibers home on their clothing.
This is called secondary, secondhand, or take-home asbestos exposure. It led to diagnoses of mesothelioma in some wives and children of workers who handled or worked near asbestos.
Asbestos Lawsuits Against NARCO
Decades of asbestos use caused a lot of workers in various industries to get sick. Those workers, and in some cases their widows or widowers, sought justice and compensation by suing NARCO.
By the time these lawsuits began flooding in, NARCO was already a part of Honeywell. Both the parent company and the division faced liability for the illnesses these people suffered. Even today, more lawsuits are possible, and HarbisonWalker is likely to be liable for them.
By the time the NARCO division filed for bankruptcy, it faced nearly 300,000 lawsuits over asbestos exposure. Some were costly, such as one brought by five plaintiffs together, who were awarded $130 million by a jury, to be paid by NARCO and another company.
Another jury found that a plaintiff, a former pipefitter diagnosed with mesothelioma, was owed more than $6 million.
Bankruptcy and Asbestos Trust
As recently as 2009, NARCO had an estimated $1 billion in asbestos liability. Because of the many lawsuits and the high cost of the liability over asbestos use, NARCO filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 2002.[3]
The NARCO Asbestos Trust
It reorganized and was back in business in 2008, but this did not end the costs of past asbestos exposure. Lawsuits continued, and in 2013 the ANH division created an asbestos trust to help pay claims from victims.[4]
The North American Refractories Company Asbestos Personal Injury Settlement Trust (NARCO Asbestos Trust) was funded with over $6 billion and paid out more than $100 million in its first year.
The NARCO trust has an unusually high payment percentage of 100% as of April 2021. Most trusts hold some payment back to ensure there will be enough funds to cover future claimants.[5]
Trust Buyout
Honeywell filed a lawsuit against the NARCO trust in 2021, citing mismanagement by trustees. The company claims that the fund has wrongly paid claimants. It also alleges that the managers spent too much on the administration of the fund. In turn, the fund sued Honeywell, claiming it is trying to avoid funding the trust.[6]
The case ended in a settlement in November 2022. Honeywell agreed to pay $1.3 billion. The payment would end its obligations to pay claims related to the NARCO Asbestos Trust.[7]
What to Do if You Were Exposed to NARCO Asbestos Products
Because asbestos illnesses like mesothelioma take so many decades to manifest and be diagnosed, claims against NARCO are still ongoing. If you feel that NARCO products played any role in your illness related to asbestos, you can file a claim with the NARCO asbestos trust.
To help you maximize your chances of a successful claim, be sure to work with an experienced asbestos or mesothelioma lawyer. This legal professional has the expertise to ensure that you have a real claim and that it will win you the compensation you deserve and need.
A lawyer will review your case for free and determine all companies liable for your exposure. You might be eligible for a trust and to file a lawsuit against other companies. Don’t wait to act, though, as statutes of limitations put a time limit on filing.
Get Your FREE Mesothelioma PacketPage Written by Mary Ellen Ellis
Mary Ellen Ellis has been the head writer for Mesothelioma.net since 2016. With hundreds of mesothelioma and asbestos articles to her credit, she is one of the most experienced writers on these topics. Her degrees and background in science and education help her explain complicated medical topics for a wider audience. Mary Ellen takes pride in providing her readers with the critical information they need following a diagnosis of an asbestos-related illness.
Page Edited by Patient Advocate Dave Foster
Dave has been a mesothelioma Patient Advocate for over 10 years. He consistently attends all major national and international mesothelioma meetings. In doing so, he is able to stay on top of the latest treatments, clinical trials, and research results. He also personally meets with mesothelioma patients and their families and connects them with the best medical specialists and legal representatives available.